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In filtering theory the Zakai equation is a linear stochastic partial differential equation for the un-normalized density of a hidden state. In contrast, the Kushner equation gives a non-linear stochastic partial differential equation for the normalized density of the hidden state. In principle either approach allows one to estimate a quantity function (the state of a Dynamical system) from noisy measurements, even when the system is non-linear (thus generalizing the earlier results of Wiener and Kalman for linear systems and solving a central problem in estimation theory). The application of this approach to a specific engineering situation may be problematic however, as these equations are quite complex. The Zakai equation is a bilinear stochastic partial differential equation. It was named after Moshe Zakai. == Overview == Assume the state of the system evolves according to : and a noisy measurement of the system state is available: : where are independent Wiener processes. Then the unnormalized conditional probability density of the state at time t is given by the Zakai equation: : where the operator As previously mentioned p is an unnormalized density, i.e. it does not necessarily integrate to 1. After solving for p integration and normalization can be done if desired (an extra step not required in the Kushner approach). Note that if the last two terms on the right hand side are omitted (by choosing h identically zero), the result is a nonstochastic PDE : the familiar Kolmogorov Forward Equation, which describes the evolution of the state when no measurement information is available. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Zakai equation」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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